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Key environmental elements for offshore windfarm environmental affect evaluation


Creator:  | Australia, Economics, Surroundings, Noise, Wildlife | Australia, Economics, Surroundings, Noise, Wildlife

  1. Underwater noise – Mortality, damage and behavioural results
  2. Turbine interactions – Damage and mortality to birds and bats
  3. Electromagnetic fields
  4. Seabed disturbance – Lack of/hurt to benthic habitats
  5. Disturbance of underwater cultural heritage
  6. Bodily presence – Results on hydrodynamics and sediment transport processes
  7. Bodily presence – Barrier results and displacement of marine fauna
  8. Gentle emissions
  9. Vessel interactions – Damage and mortality to marine fauna
  10. Invasive marine species
  11. Bodily presence – Socioeconomic: interference/displacement of present makes use of
  12. Bodily presence – Socioeconomic: seascapes and visible amenity
  13. A number of affect pathways – Australian marine parks and their values

Impression pathways. DCCEEW, July 2023

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